What does the term 'anaerobic' refer to?

The term 'anaerobic' refers specifically to processes that occur in the absence of oxygen. In the context of exercise and physiology, anaerobic activities are those that involve short bursts of high-intensity exertion, where the body relies on energy sources stored in muscles and does not require oxygen for energy production. This distinguishes anaerobic exercise, such as sprinting or heavy weightlifting, from aerobic exercise, which is performed with the presence of oxygen and typically involves prolonged, steady-state activities like jogging or cycling.

Understanding the concept of anaerobic is crucial for fitness professionals as this type of training plays a key role in building strength, power, and muscle mass, and aids in improving overall athletic performance.