During anaerobic metabolism, particularly in the process of anaerobic glycolysis, the body breaks down glucose without the need for oxygen. This metabolic pathway is primarily utilized during high-intensity exercise when the demand for energy exceeds the oxygen supply available to the muscles.
As a result of this process, lactic acid is produced as a byproduct. When glucose is broken down, it is converted into pyruvate, which then transforms into lactic acid when oxygen levels are insufficient. The accumulation of lactic acid can contribute to muscle fatigue, which is a common experience during intense workouts.
In contrast, the other substances listed do not represent the primary byproducts of anaerobic metabolism. Carbon dioxide is produced in both aerobic and anaerobic processes, but it is not a direct product of anaerobic glucose breakdown. Water is primarily produced during aerobic metabolism. Oxygen is consumed, rather than produced, during the process of aerobic respiration. Thus, the specific byproduct of anaerobic metabolism is indeed lactic acid, confirming its role in the context of energy production during strenuous activities.